On top of the console was a "contraption" tray (shortened to "trap"), used to hold items like whistles, klaxons, and cowbells, so these drums/kits were dubbed "trap kits". Metal consoles were developed to hold Chinese tom-toms, with swing-out stands for snare drums and cymbals. They started incorporating these elements with ragtime, which had been popular for a couple of decades, creating an approach which evolved into a jazz drumming style.īudget constraints and space considerations in musical theatre pit orchestras led bandleaders to pressure fewer percussionists to cover more percussion parts. Drummers such as Baby Dodds, Zutty Singleton and Ray Bauduc had taken the idea of marching rhythms, combining the bass drum and snare drum and "traps", a term used to refer to the percussion instruments associated with immigrant groups, which included miniature cymbals, tom toms, cowbells and woodblocks. These were the first official jazz recordings. In 1917, a New Orleans band called "The Original Dixieland Jazz Band" recorded jazz tunes that became hits all over the country. The modern drum kit was developed in the vaudeville era during the 1920s in New Orleans. Drum kits became a central part of jazz, especially Dixieland. Drummers could still play the rudimentary snare figures and grooves with brushes that they would normally play with drumsticks.īy World War I, drum kits were often marching band-style military bass drums with many percussion items suspended on and around them. Drummers began using metal fly swatters to reduce the volume on stage next to the other acoustic instruments. The need for brushes arose due to the problem of the drum sound overshadowing the other instruments on stage. Wire brushes for use with drums and cymbals were introduced in 1912. in 1909 and patented the first commercially successful bass drum pedal system, paving the way for the modern drum kit. Ludwig, Sr., and his brother, Theobald Ludwig, founded the Ludwig & Ludwig Co.
The bass drum became the central piece around which every other percussion instrument would later revolve. Liberating the hands for the first time, this evolution saw the bass drum played with the foot of a standing percussionist (thus the term "kick drum"). Companies patented their pedal systems such as that of drummer Edward "Dee Dee" Chandler of New Orleans 1904–05. Most drummers in the 1870s preferred to do double drumming without any pedal to play multiple drums, rather than use an overhang pedal. By the 1870s, drummers were using an "overhang pedal". The drum set was initially referred to as a "trap set", and from the late 1800s to the 1930s, drummers were referred to as "trap drummers". This resulted in a greater swing and dance feel. While the music was first designed to accompany marching soldiers, this simple and straightforward drumming approach led to the birth of ragtime music when the simplistic marching beats became more syncopated. With this approach, the bass drum was usually played on beats one and three (in 4Ĥ time). Drummers in musical theater shows and stage shows, where the budget for pit orchestras was often limited, contributed to the creation of the drum set by developing techniques and devices that would enable them to cover the roles of multiple percussionists.ĭouble-drumming was developed to enable one person to play the bass and snare with sticks, while the cymbals could be played by tapping the foot on a "low-boy". The bass drum, snare drum, cymbals, and other percussion instruments were all struck with hand-held drum sticks. By the 1860s, percussionists started combining multiple drums into a set.
In the 1840s, percussionists began to experiment with foot pedals as a way to enable them to play more than one instrument, but these devices would not be mass-produced for another 75 years. ( July 2019) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)īefore the development of the drum set, drums and cymbals used in military and orchestral music settings were played separately by different percussionists if the score called for bass drum, triangle and cymbals, three percussionists would be hired to play these three instruments.
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